Living Creatures : Exploring Their Characteristics - Class 6 Science - New St. Mery English School
Have you ever wondered how we know that a plant, an animal, or even a tiny insect is a living thing? The world around us is full of both living and non-living things, but living creatures have some special features that make them different. In this chapter, we will explore those unique characteristics that all living organisms share.
Living things grow, breathe, need food, move, respond to changes around them, reproduce, and remove waste from their bodies. These processes are called life processes, and they help living organisms survive on Earth. From huge elephants to tiny ants and green plants, every living being shows these characteristics in one way or another.
Understanding these features helps us learn more about nature and the amazing diversity of life around us. Let’s begin our journey into the fascinating world of living creatures and discover what truly makes something “alive.” 🌱
Living Creatures : Exploring Their Characteristics - Class 6 Science - New St. Mery English School
What are living things?
Ans:- Things which have lives are called living things.
Ex:- human, plants, animals, birds etc
What are Non-living things?
Ans:- Things which have no lives are called Non-Living things.
Ex:- river, mountain, buildings etc
Write some common features between living thing and non-living thing.
Ans:- Some common features between living thing and non-living thing are
1- Both Living and Non-living thing possess mass, shape and occupy space.
2- Both Living and Non-living thing made up of basic structural unit. In the case of Living thing, Cell is the basic structural unit. and Molecule is the basic structural unit of Non-living thing.
Cellular Organisation
What are Cellular Organisms?
Ans:- Those organisms that are made of cells are called Cellular Organisms.
Ex:- animals, plants, amoeba etc
How many types of cellular organisms?
Ans:- There are two types of cellular organisms.
1- Unicellular organisms
2- Multicellular organisms
What are Unicellular organisms?
Ans:- Those organisms that are made up of only a single cell are called Unicellular organisms.
Ex:- amoeba, paramecium, euglena, chlamydomonas, bacteria
What are Multicellular organisms?
Ans:- Those organisms that are made up of millions of cells are called Multicellular organisms.
Ex:- plants, animals and human beings etc
Eating and Feeding
What is Nutrition?
Ans:- The process of taking food in living organisms is called Nutrition.
How many types of living organisms on the basis of Nutrition?
Ans:- There are two types of living organisms on the basis of Nutrition.
1- Autotrophic
2- Heterotrophic
What are Autotrophic?
Ans:- Those living organisms that prepare their own food themselves are Autotrophic.
Ex:- Plants are autotrophic because they synthesize their food themselves in the presence of sunlight and using raw material like carbon dioxide and water.
What are Heterotrophic?
Ans:- Those living organisms that get their food from plants and other animals are Heterotrophic
Ex:- Human beings, animals, birds etc
Respiration
What is breathing?
Ans:- The act of taking in air is called breathing. During breathing, the organisms take in oxygen present in the air. This oxygen is used to break down complex food substances into carbon dioxide and water. During this process, energy is released.
Food + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy
What is Respiration?
Ans:- The release of energy from food is called respiration. Respiration helps living things obtain this energy. Living things need energy to grow, to move and to fight diseases.
Describe the different organs present in different organisms to breathe.
Ans:- Humans breathe in air through the nostrils into the lungs. Animals living in water, such as fish, use their gills to extract dissolved oxygen from water. Some animals, which do not have gills or lungs, breathe in other ways. Earthworms breathe through their body surface while insects breathe through holes in their bodies called spiracles. Plants breathe through special openings present in their leaves called stomata.
What is Growth?
Ans:- Growth is the increase in size, height, weight, or mass of a living organism over time. All living things show growth.
Ex:- A baby grows into child, A seedling grows into a tree, A chicken grows into a cock, etc
Is growth reversible or irreversible?
Ans:- Growth is reversible because once a living thing has grown, it can not become small again.
Movement
Why is movement necessary in living organisms?
Ans:- Movement is necessary in living organisms because they move from one place to another in search of food, seeking protection from enemies and natural hazards that help them to survive on earth.
What is Locomotion?
Ans:- Locomotion is the movement of an organism from one place to another.
Ex:- Human walks, Birds fly, Fish swim, etc.
Excretion
What is Excretion?
Ans:- Elimination of wastes from the body of living organisms is called excretion. Animals excrete wastes from their bodies in the form of urine, stool and sweat. plants excrete gum and latex. plants like rubber, oak, and banyan trees excrete latex.
Response to stimuli
What is stimulus?
Ans:- Any change that produces an immediate action or response in an organism is called stimulus.
What is response?
Ans:- A response is the immediate action taken by an organism to adjust itself according to the change.
Write about different kinds of stimulus that is responded by living organisms.
Ans:- All living organisms respond to different kinds of stimuli like touch, chemicals, heat, light and smell.
A turtle withdraws into its shell when sensing danger.
A bacterium swims away from concentration of harmful substances.
If you heat an animal, it will try to attack back or run away.
Sunflower shows response to stimuli mainly through movement toward light.
The touch-me-not plant shows a very clear response to touch, which is a type of stimulus. When the leaves of the touch-me-not plant are touched, shaken, or even exposed to strong wind, The leaflets quickly fold inward and the leaf droops down.
Reproduction
What is Reproduction?
Ans:- Reproduction is the process by which living organisms produce new organisms of their own kind.
Adaptation
What is adaptation?
Ans:- Living organism develops certain characteristics which help them to live and survive in their environment. This is called adaptation. Adaptation is the process by which a living organism learns to survive and reproduce in its environment.
Write some adaptations shown by different animals
Ans:- A polar bear has a thick fur to helps it keep warm in the polar regions.
A hawk has a sharp and hooked beak for tearing its prey.
A woodpecker uses its long and pointed beak to drill into the bark of trees to find insects.
A dog adapts to warm weather by shedding its hair.
Insect Eating plants
What are insectivorous plants?
Ans:- Insectivorous plants are special plants that trap and digest insects to get nutrients, especially nitrogen, because they usually grow in nutrient-poor soil.
Key points:
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They are green plants and can make their own food by photosynthesis 🌱
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They catch insects using modified leaves
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Insects provide extra nutrients, not energy
Common examples:
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Pitcher Plant – traps insects in a pitcher-shaped leaf
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Venus Flytrap – snaps shut when an insect touches it
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Sundew – has sticky hairs that trap insects
Examples:
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Human – about 70–80 years
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Dog – about 10–15 years
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Butterfly – a few weeks
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Neem tree – hundreds of years
In short:-
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